Hojatollah Ayoubi
Abstract
Copy-right has been initially used in cultural and art industries. From that time there have been two different approaches to the matter: the commercial-economic approach which is concerned with the rights of suppliers and investors; and the other approach, the cultural one, which is especially concerned ...
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Copy-right has been initially used in cultural and art industries. From that time there have been two different approaches to the matter: the commercial-economic approach which is concerned with the rights of suppliers and investors; and the other approach, the cultural one, which is especially concerned with the rights of author. First approach is rooted in Anglo-American countries, while the other is originally French. Expansion of the computer market, and separating software and hardware markets caused to the so-called velvet-rubbery, which refers to the illegal reproduction in the market. Therefore, there were some struggles all over the world to protect rights of their producers. In present study, beside the domestic and international difficulties these strategies would encounter, this article has reviewed different strategies to face this challenge.
Hojatollah Ayoobi
Abstract
Cinema is the most influential cultural instrument in the contemporary world. The seventh art first brought culture in theaters and then in homes by T.V. and modern audio – visual devices. Perhaps, for this reason, André Marlow paid special attention to the cinema and regarded it as a shortcut ...
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Cinema is the most influential cultural instrument in the contemporary world. The seventh art first brought culture in theaters and then in homes by T.V. and modern audio – visual devices. Perhaps, for this reason, André Marlow paid special attention to the cinema and regarded it as a shortcut to the popularization of culture or achieving cultural democracy. Since its birth, cinema in France experienced a significant progress and was the best before the Second World War. But with the entrance of Americans to this field, relying upon their modern technology and huge investments made considerable progress and challenged the French cinema. The French cinema needed government, help in this unequal competition and could not resist this all – out invasion on its own. The French government got involved in the sector of cinema to reach two goals: helping cultural and artistic cinema: and standing up against American cinema to defend the cultural diversity championed by the French. This article examines approaches results from a problem which is also considered a major concern for Iranian cinema. Relationship between government and cinema in France might absorb the attentions of our cultural policymakers.
